Vaccination is our best defense against COVID-19. Clinical trials and observational studies show that all COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the United States are effective at preventing COVID-19, especially severe disease, hospitalization and death. Some vaccine breakthrough cases are expected, but getting the vaccine significantly reduces the chances of severe illness if an infection does occur.

If you received the Johnson & Johnson primary vaccine 2 or more months ago, you should receive an MRNA booster dose to be as protected as possible against COVID-19. The Johnson & Johnson vaccine is authorized for anyone age 18 and older if no other approved vaccine is available because of the risk of a rare but serious blood clotting disorder. If you would prefer to receive the Johnson & Johnson vaccine for your initial booster, please discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider or the healthcare professional at your vaccination site.

See additional recommendations for people who are moderately to severely immunocompromised. A second booster dose has been authorized for certain people at increased risk of severe disease.