Ransomware is a type of malware that locks a computer user's system by encrypting the files. It then displays messages aimed at getting the user to pay a ransom through certain online payment methods in order to regain access to the system.
These incidents typically occur when a user of a computer system is duped into clicking on an infected popup advertisement, visiting an infected website, downloading an infected file, and phishing. This mistake allows the cybercriminal to take control of the computer and lock the computer screen. The cybercriminal then makes the payment demands.